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High-capacity strong acid cation exchange resin with sulfonic acid functional groups.
Optimized spherical bead morphology for low pressure drop and excellent hydraulic stability.
Superior chemical and osmotic stability, enabling reliable performance in demanding regeneration cycles.
Consistent particle size distribution (uniformity coefficient ≤ 1.6) ensuring predictable bed hydraulics and reduced channeling.
Low soluble organic matter (SOM) release, meeting stringent requirements for ultrapure water production.
Primary cation removal in power plant boiler feedwater pretreatment systems.
Softening of industrial process water for pharmaceutical and biotechnology manufacturing.
Front-end cation exchange in mixed-bed polishing units for semiconductor-grade ultrapure water (UPW).
Regenerable dealkalization component in high-efficiency dual-bed demineralization plants.
Cation exchange layer in layered bed configurations for municipal drinking water advanced treatment.
| Chemical Type | Strongly acidic cation exchanger (sulfonated polystyrene-divinylbenzene gel matrix) |
| Product Form | Moist, sodium-form spherical beads |
| Appearance | Opaque amber to light brown uniform beads |
| Functional Group | Sulfonic acid (–SO₃H) |
| Ion Exchange Capacity (min.) | ≥ 2.0 eq/L (Na⁺ form, wet volume basis) |
| Particle Size Range | 0.315 – 1.25 mm (≥ 95% retained on 0.315 mm sieve) |
| Moisture Content | 45 – 50% (w/w) |
| Maximum Operating Temperature | 120 °C (short-term), 100 °C (continuous) |
Q1: What is the primary functional group and ionic form of LEWATIT S 4228?
A: LEWATIT S 4228 is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin based on a styrene-divinylbenzene matrix, functionalized with sulfonic acid groups. It is supplied in the sodium (Na⁺) form, making it suitable for softening and selective cation removal applications.
Q2: Can LEWATIT S 4228 be used in food-grade or pharmaceutical water treatment systems?
A: Yes — LEWATIT S 4228 is manufactured and tested to meet requirements for use in the production of potable water and process water in food and pharmaceutical industries. It complies with relevant global regulatory expectations for ion exchange resins intended for indirect contact with consumables, subject to proper system validation and regeneration protocols.
Q3: How does LEWATIT S 4228 compare to standard gel-type strong acid cation resins in terms of kinetics and capacity?
A: LEWATIT S 4228 features an optimized macroporous structure that provides enhanced kinetic performance — particularly under variable flow conditions or with feedwaters containing organic fouling potential — while maintaining high total exchange capacity. Its physical stability supports consistent performance across repeated regeneration cycles.
Q4: What are typical regeneration requirements for LEWATIT S 4228?
A: Regeneration is typically performed using sodium chloride (NaCl) brine at standard concentrations and dosages common for strong acid cation resins. The exact regimen — including brine concentration, contact time, and flow rate — should be tailored to service conditions, influent quality, and desired effluent specifications. Acid regeneration (e.g., HCl or H₂SO₄) is also feasible when hydrogen-form operation is required.
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